Tribal Jurisdiction Status Analysis

October 24, 2005

Professor Carole Goldberg

UCLA School of Law

NOTE: This list was updated by the author in 2010 and is Available Here.

This updated analysis describes the legislation and case law pertaining to the jurisdiction of tribes in relationship to state jurisdiction. The tribes are separated into four groups, based upon the jurisdictional framework affecting tribal and state authority for that particular tribe.

• GROUP 1 includes tribes found in states (Alabama, Arizona, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Wyoming) with no federal legislative mandate to assume jurisdiction over tribes found within their borders, or where states have achieved federal authorization to exercise jurisdiction but have chosen to return or retrocede that jurisdiction back to the federal government; it also includes states that have attempted to exercise a federal legislative mandate to assume jurisdiction but have been unable to do so effectively (i.e., a court has found the attempt invalid);
• GROUP 2 includes tribes in states (Alaska, California, Minnesota, Nebraska, Oregon, and Wisconsin) where Public Law 280 mandates states to assume some jurisdiction, concurrent with the tribes, over federally recognized tribes within their borders;
• GROUP 3 includes tribes in states (Florida, Idaho, Montana, and Washington) which have assumed jurisdiction to any degree pursuant to the state option provisions of Public Law 280;
• GROUP 4 includes tribes whose states (Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, and Utah,) have received a federal mandate to exercise jurisdiction outside of Public Law 280, e.g., through state-wide enactments, restoration acts, or land claims settlement acts.

Governing legislation, pertinent case law, and the tribes included in the boundaries of a state are listed for each state. The types of courts for each tribe, if any, are indicated by a key. The kinds of courts included are tribal courts and Courts of Indian Offenses (CIO’s).

There are some specific federal statutes, such as the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) and the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA), that affect state and tribal jurisdiction in all four groups of states. These arrangements will not be detailed here, except insofar as individual tribes have reassumed exclusive tribal jurisdiction under ICWA in a Group 2, 3, or 4 state.

GROUP 1 – NO STATE JURISDICTION

Alabama – (1)

Legislation

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

Sheffield v. Tullis, 1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14110 (S. D. Ala. 1998)

Tribes

Poarch Band of Creek Indians

Arizona – 21

Legislation

Ariz. Const., art. 20, ¶ 4

No current Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• State v. Zaman, 194 Ariz. 442 (1999)
• State v. Lupe, 889 P.2d 4 (Ariz. Ct. App. 1994)
• Tohono O’odham Nation v. Schwartz, 837 F. Supp. 1024 (D. Ariz. 1993)
• Dixon v. Picopa Constr. Co., 160 Ariz. 251 (1989)
• State v. Flint, 157 Ariz. 227 (1989)
• Val/Del, Inc. v. Superior Court, 145 Ariz. 558, 703 P.2d 502 (Ariz. App. 1985)
• United States v. Superior Court In and For Maricopa County, 144 Ariz. 265 (1985)
• Arizona v. San Carlos Apache Tribe of Arizona, 463 U.S. 545 (1983)
• Francisco v. State, 113 Ariz. 427 (1976)
• McClanahan v. Ariz. State Tax Comm’n, 411 U.S. 164 (1973)
• Williams v. Lee, 358 U.S. 217 (1959)
• In re Denteclaw, 83 Ariz. 299 (1958)

Tribes

1. Ak Chin Indian Community
2. Cocopah Tribe
3. Colorado River Indian Tribes (also in CA)
4. Fort McDowell Yavapai nation
5. Fort Mojave Indian Tribe (also in CA & NV)
6. Gila River Indian Community
7. Havasupai Tribe
8. Hopi Tribe
9. Hualapai Indian Tribe
10. Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians
11. Navajo Nation (also in NM & UT)
12. Quechan Tribe (also in CA)
13. Pascua Yaqui Tribe (originally subject to state jurisdiction under 25 U.S.C. § 1300f(c); retrocession accepted, 50 Fed. Reg. 34,555 (Aug.26, 1985))
14. Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community
15. San Carlos Apache Tribe
16. San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe
17. Tohono O’odham Nation
18. Tonto Apache Tribe
19. White Mountain Apache Tribe
20. Yavapai-Apache Nation
21. Yavapai-Prescott Tribe

Louisiana – 4

Legislation

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• Tunica-Biloxi Indians of La. v. Pecot, 351 F. Supp.2d 519 (W.D. La. 2004)
• Owens v. Willock, 690 So.2d 948 (La. App. 2d Cir. 1997)
• La. Dep’t of Revenue &Taxation v. Chitimacha Tribe, 1987 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16916 (W.D. La. 1987)
• Langley v. Ryder, 602 F. Supp. 335 (W.D.La.), aff’d, 778 F.2d 1092 (5^{th Cir. 1985})

Tribes

1. Chitimacha Tribe
2. Coushatta Tribe
3. Jena Band of Choctaw Indians
4. Tunica-Biloxi Indian Tribe

Michigan – 12

Legislation

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

25 U.S.C. § § 1300j-7 (granting Pokagon Band ICWA jurisdiction over service area)

Case Law

• Match-e-benash-she-wish Band of Pottawatomi Indians v. Engler, 304 F.3 616 (6th Cir. 2002)
• Lincoln v. Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe, 967 F. Supp. 966 (E.D. Mich. 1997)
• United States ex rel. Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe v. Michigan, 106 F.3d 130 (6th Cir. 1996)
• Peterson v. Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, 1994 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 1486 (W.D. Mich. 1994)
• Wisconsin Potowatomies of Hannahville Indian Community v. Houston, 393 F. Supp. 719 (W.D. Mich. 1973)
• People v. Jondreau, 15 Mich. App. 169 (Mich. App. 1968), rev’d, 384 Mich. 539 (1971)

Tribes

1. Bay Mills Indian Community
2. Grand Traverse Bay of Ottawa & Chippewa Indians
3. Hannahville Indian Community
4. Huron Potawatomi Tribe
5. Keweenaw Bay Indian Community
6. Lac Vieux Desert Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians
7. Little River Band of Ottawa Indians
8. Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians
9. Match-e-benash-she-wish Band of Pottawatomi Indians
10. Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians
11. Saginaw Chippewa Indian Tribe
12. Sault Ste. Marie Band of Chippewa Indians

Mississippi – 1

Legislation

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• Jones v. Billy, 798 So.2d 1238 (Miss. 2001)
• Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield, 490 U.S. 30 (1989)
• United States v. John, 437 U.S. 634 (1978), on remand, 587 F.2d 683 (5th Cir. 1979)
• Tubby v. State, 327 So.2d 272 (Miss. 1976)

Tribes

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians

Nevada – 19

Legislation

No current Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• Nevada v. Hicks, 533 U.S. 353 (2001)
• Washoe Tribe of Nev. & Cal. v. Southwest Gas Corp., 2000 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 7087 (D. Nev. 2000)
• Snooks v. District Court, 112 Nev. 798, 919 P.2d 1064 (1996)
• Amarok Corp. v. Nevada, Dep't of Taxation, 935 F.2d 1068 (9th Cir. 1991)
• Adams v. Adams, 107 Nev. 790, 820 P.2d 752 (1991)
• Patterson v. Four Rent, Inc., 101 Nev. 651, 707 P.2d 1147 (1985)
• Jones v. State, 94 Nev. 679, 585 P.2d 1340 (1978)
• State v. Jones, 92 Nev. 116, 546 P.2d 235 (1976)

Tribes

1. Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation (also in UT)
2. Duckwater Shoshone Tribe
3. Ely Shoshone Tribe
4. Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes (also in OR)
5. Fort Mojave Indian Tribe (also in AZ & CA)
6. Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute Indians
7. Lovelock Paiute Tribe
8. Moapa Band of Paiute Indians
9. Paiute-Shoshone Tribe of the Fallon Reservation and Colony
10. Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe
11. Reno-Sparks Indian Colony
12. Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation
13. Summit Lake Paiute Tribe
14. Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone Indians
15. Walker River Paiute Tribe
16. Washoe Tribe (also in CA)
17. Winnemucca Indian Colony
18. Yerington Paiute Tribe
19. Yomba Shoshone Tribe

New Mexico – 23

Legislation

N.M. Const., art. XXI, § 2

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• State v. Romero, 135 N.M. 53 (N.M. Ct. App. 2003, appeal pending)
• Jicarilla Apache Tribe v. Board of County Comm’rs, 118 N.M. 550 (1994)
• Wacondo v. Concha, 873 P.2d 276 (N.M. Ct. App. 1994)
• State v. Pena, 117 N.M. 528, 873 P.2d 274 (N.M. Ct. App. 1994)
• State v. Ortiz, 105 N.M. 308, 731 P.2d 1352 (1986)
• Mountain States Telephone & Telegraph Co. v. Pueblo of Santa Ana, 472 U.S. 237 (1985)
• Blatchford v. Gonzales, 100 N.M. 333, 670 P.2d 944 (1983)
• Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe, 455 U.S. 130 (1982)
• Joe v. Marcum, 621 F.2d 358 (10th Cir. 1980)
• Chino v. Chino, 90 N.M. 203 (1977)
• State Sec., Inc. v. Anderson, 84 N.M. 629 (1973)
• Sangre de Cristo Development Corp. v. City of Santa Fe, 84 N.M. 343 (1972)
• Paiz v. Hughes, 76 N.M. 562 (1966)
• Batchelor v. Charley, 74 N.M. 717 (1965)
• State v. Warner, 71 N.M. 418 (1963)

Tribes

1. Jicarilla Apache Nation
2. Mescalero Apache
3. Navajo Nation (also in AZ & UT)
4. Pueblo of Acoma
5. Pueblo of Cochiti
6. Pueblo of Isleta
7. Pueblo of Jemez
8. Pueblo of Laguna
9. Pueblo of Nambe
10. Pueblo of Picuris
11. Pueblo of Pojoaque
12. Pueblo of San Felipe
13. Pueblo of San Ildefonso
14. Pueblo of San Juan
15. Pueblo of Sandia
16. Pueblo of Santa Ana
17. Pueblo of Santa Clara
18. Pueblo of Santo Domingo
19. Pueblo of Taos
20. Pueblo of Tesuque
21. Pueblo of Zia
22. Ute Mountain Tribe (also in Co & NM)
23. Zuni Tribe

North Carolina – 1

Legislation

N.C. Const. art. IV, § 2

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• Hatcher v. Harrah's NC Casino Co., LLC, 610 S.E.2d 210 (N.C. Ct. App. 2005)
• Jackson County v. Swayney, 352 S.E.2d 413 (N.C. 1987)
• Wildcatt v. Smith, 316 S.E.2d 870 (N.C. App. 1984)
• Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians v. Lynch, 632 F. 2d 373, 377-78 (4th Cir. 1980)
• Sasser v. Beck, 253 S.E.2d 577 (N.C. App. 1979)

Tribes

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians

Oklahoma – 38

Legislation

Okla. Const., art. 3, § 1

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

See 25 U.S.C. § 476 (Allotment Act provision for state jurisdiction; note that it does not apply to the former Indian territory)

Case Law

• C & L Enterprises, Inc. v. Citizen Band Potawatomi Indian Tribe, 532 U.S. 411 (2001)
• United States v. Roberts, 185 F.3d 1125 (10th Cir. 1999)
• Kiowa Tribe of Oklahoma v. Manufacturing Technologies, Inc., 523 U.S. 751 (1998)
• Oklahoma Tax Comm’n v. Chickasaw Nation, 515 U.S. 450 (1995)
• Buzzard v. Oklahoma Tax Comm’n, 992 F.2d 1073 (10th Cir. 1993)
• Oklahoma Tax Commission v. Citizen Band, Potawatomi Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, 498U.S. 505 (1991)
• United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians v. State of Okla. ex rel. Moss, 927 F.2d 1170 (10th Cir. 1991)
• Richardson v. Malone, 762 F. Supp. 1463 (N.D. Okla. 1991)
• Ross v. Neff, 905 F.2d 1349 (10th Cir. 1990)
• Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma v. State of Oklahoma ex rel. Thompson, 874 F.2d 790 (10th Cir. 19889)
• State v. Klindt, 782 P.2d 401 (Okl. Cr. 1989)
• State ex rel. May v. Seneca-Cayuga Tribe, 711 P.2d 77 (Okl. 1985)
• Ahboah v. Hous. Auth. of the Kiowa Tribe, 660 P.2d 625 (Okl. 1983)
• Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma v. State of Oklahoma, 618 F.2d 665 (10th Cir. 1980), appeal after remand, 681 F.2d 705 (10th Cir. 1982)
• Goforth v. State, 644 P.2d 114 (Okl. Cr. 1978)
• State v. Littlechief, 573 P.2d 263 (Okl. Cr. 1978)

Tribes

1. Absentee-Shawnee Tribe
2. Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town
3. Apache Tribe
4. Caddo Indian Tribe
5. Cherokee Nation
6. Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes
7. Chickasaw Nation
8. Choctaw Nation
9. Citizen Potawatomi Nation
10. Comanche Nation
11. Delaware Nation
12. Delaware Tribe of Indians
13. Eastern Shawnee Tribe
14. Fort Sill Apache Tribe
15. Iowa Tribe
16. Kaw Nation
17. Kialegee Tribal Town
18. Kickapoo Tribe
19. Kiowa Indian Tribe
20. Miami Tribe
21. Modoc Tribe
22. Muscogee (Creek) Nation
23. Osage Tribe
24. Ottawa Tribe
25. Otoe-Missouri Tribe
26. Pawnee Nation
27. Peoria Tribe of Indians
28. Ponca Tribe of Indians
29. Quapaw Tribe of Indians
30. Sac & Fox Nation
31. Seminole Nation
32. Seneca- Cayuga Tribe
33. Shawnee Tribe
34. Thlopthlocco Tribal Town
35. Tonkawa Tribe of Indians
36. United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians
37. Wichita and Affiliated Tribes
38. Wyandotte Tribe

South Dakota – 9

Legislation

S.D. Const., art. XXII, § 2

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• State v. Cummings, 679 N.W.2d 484 (S.D. 2004)
• Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. Janklow, 103 F. Supp. 2d 1146 (D.S.D. 2000)
• Yankton Sioux Tribe v. Gaffey, 188 F.3d 1010 (8th Cir. 1999)
• United States v. Phelps, 168 F.3d 1048 (8th Cir. 1999)
• South Dakota v. Yankton Sioux Tribe, 522 U.S. 329 (1998)
• State v. Spotted Horse, 462 N.W.2d 463 (S.D. 1990)
• South Dakota v. Larson, 455 N.W.2d 600 (S.D. 1990)
• Rosebud Sioux Tribe v. South Dakota, 900 F.2d 1164 (8th Cir. 1990)
• United States v. High Elk, 715 F. Supp. 285 (D.S.D. 1989)
• Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 718 F. Supp. 755 (D.S.D. 1989), order rev’d, 897 F.2d 385 (8th Cir. 1990)
• Solem v. Bartlett, 464 U.S. 463 (1984)
• Rosebud Sioux Tribe v. Kneip, 430 U.S. 584 (1977)
• DeCoteau v. District Court for Tenth Judicial Dist., 420 U.S. 425 (1975)
• State v. Molash, 86 S.D. 558, 199 N.W.2d 591 (1972)
• Smith v. Temple, 82 S.D. 650, 152 N.W.2d 547 (1967)

Tribes

1. Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe
2. Crow Creek Sioux Tribe
3. Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe
4. Lower Brule Sioux Tribe
5. Oglala Sioux Tribe
6. Rosebud Sioux Tribe
7. Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe
8. Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
9. Yankton Sioux Tribe

Wyoming – 2

Legislation

Wyom. Const., Art 21, § 26

No Public Law 280 or similar legislation

Case Law

• In re General Adjudication of All Rights to Use Water in the Big Horn River System,753 P.2d 76 (1988), aff’d by equally divided vote sub nom. Wyoming v. United States, 492 U.S. 406 (1989)
• Vialpando v. State, 640 P.2d 77 (Wyo. 1982)
• State ex rel. Peterson v. District Court of Ninth Judicial Dist., 617 P.2d 1056 (Wyo. 1980)
• Blackburn v. State, 357 P.2d 174 (Wyo. 1960)

Tribes

1. Arapahoe Tribe of the Wind River Reservation
2. Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation

GROUP 2 – MANDATORY PUBLIC LAW 280 STATES

Alaska – 239

Legislation

• Alas. Const., art. XII, § 12
• P.L. 85-615 § 1, 72 Stat. 545 (Aug. 8, 1958)
• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22
• P.L. 91-523 § 1, Nov. 25, 1970; 84 Stat. 1358; 18 U.S.C. § 1162(a) (excepting Metlakatla Indian Tribe from state criminal jurisdiction).
• 25 U.S.C. § 1918 (Two Native villages, Barrow and Chevak, have successfully petitioned for reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction over Indian Child Welfare Act matters. 64 Fed. Reg. 36,391 (July 6, 1999). The Metlakatla Indian Community has successfully petitioned for reassumption of concurrent jurisdiction over such matters. 58 Fed. Reg. 11,766 (February 26, 1993), as corrected at 58 Fed. Reg. 16,448 (March 26, 1993).

Case Law

• 2004 Op. Alas. Att’y Gen. No. 1
• In the Matter of C.R.H., 29 P.3d 849 (Alas. 2001)
• John v. Baker, 982 P.2d 738 (Alas. 1999)
• Alaska v. Native Village of Venetie, 522 U.S. 520 (1998)
• Jones v. State, 936 P.2d 1263 (Alask. Ct. App. 1997)
• Hydaburg Coop. Ass’n v. Hydaburg Fisheries, 925 P.2d 246 (Alas. 1996)
• Booth v. Alaska, 903 P.2d 1079 (Alas. Ct. App. 1995)
• Nenana Fuel Co. Inc. v. Native Village of Venetie, 834 P.2d 1229 (Alas. 1992)
• Native Village of Venetie I.R.A. Council v. Alaska, 944 F.2d 548 (9th Cir. 1991), rev’d on other grounds, Alaska v. Native Village of Venetie, 522 U.S. 520 (1998)
• Harrison v. State, 784 P.2d 681 (Alas. Ct. App. 1989)
• Fawcett v. Fawcett, 13 Indian L. Rep. 5063 (Alas. Super. Ct. 1986)
• Heffner v. State, 633 P.2d 264 (Alas. 1981)
• State of Alaska, Dep’t Pub. Works v. Agli, 472 F. Supp. 70 (D.C. Alas. 1979)
• Calista Corp. v. Mann, 564 P.2d 53 (Alas. 1977)
• Ollestead v. Native Village of Tyonek, 560 P.2d 31 (Alas. 1977)
• State v. Lewis, 559 P.2d 630 (Alas. 1977)
• Organized Village of Kake v. Egan, 369 U.S. 60 (1962)
• Metlakatla Indian Community v. Egan, 369 U.S. 45 (1962)
• United States v. Booth, 161 F. Supp. 269 (D. Alas. 1958)

Tribes

1. Metlakatla Indian Community
2. 238 Native Villages and Tribes

California – 107

Legislation

• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22 (repealing Ch. 604, P.L. 81-322, Oct. 5, 1949; 63 Stat. 705, which had granted the state civil and criminal jurisdiction over the Agua Caliente Reservation)
• 61 Fed. Reg. 1779 (1996) (approving reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Washoe Tribe over certain Indian Child Welfare Act matters)

Case Law

• Doe v. Mann, 415 F.3d 1038 (9th Cir. 2005)
• Lamere v. Superior Court, 31 Cal. Rptr. 3d 880 (Ct. App. 2005)
• Cabazon Band of Mission Indians v. Smith, 388 F.3d 691 (9th Cir. 2004)
• Inyo County v. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Cmty. of the Bishop Colony, 538 U.S. 701 (U.S. 2003)
• Linneen v. Gila River Indian Cmty., 276 F.3d 489 (9th Cir. 2002)
• Friends of East Willits Valley v. County of Mendocino, 123 Cal. Rptr.2d 708 (Ct. App.2002)
• Great Western Casinos, Inc. v. Morongo Band of Mission Indians, 88 Cal. Rptr.2d 828 (Ct. App. 1999)
• In re Marriage of Purnel, 60 Cal. Rptr.2d 667 (Ct. App. 1997)
• Round Valley Indian Hous. Auth. v. Hunter, 907 F. Supp. 1343 (N.D. Cal. 1995)
• Middletown Rancheria of Pomo Indians v. Workers Comp. App. Bd., 71 Cal. Rptr.2d 105 (Ct. App. 1995)
• Sycuan Band of Mission Indians v. Roache, 38 F.3d 402 (9th Cir. 1994), amended,54 F.3d 535 (9th Cir. 1995)
• People v. Lowry, 34 Cal. Rptr.2d 382 (App. Dep’t Super. Ct. 1994)
• Quechan Indian Tribe v. McMullen, 984 F.2d 304 (9th Cir. 1993)
• Hoopa Valley Tribe v. Blue Lake Forest Products, Inc., 143 B.R. 563 (N.D. Cal. 1992), aff’d, 30 F.3d 1138 (9th Cir. 1994)
• Inland Casino Corp. v. Superior Court, 10 Cal. Rptr.2d 497 (Ct. App. 1992)
• County of Inyo v. Jeff, 277 Cal. Rptr. 841 (Ct. App. 1991)
• Boisclair v. Superior Court, 801 P.2d 305 (Cal. 1990)
• California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202 (1987)
• Segundo v. City of Rancho Mirage, 813 F.2d 1387 (9th Cir. 1987)
• All Mission Indian Hous. Auth. v. Silvas, 680 F. Supp. 330 (C.D. Cal. 1987)
• Zachary v. Wilk, 219 Cal. Rptr. 122 (Ct. App. 1985)
• Rice v. Rehner, 463 U.S. 713 (1983)
• United States v. County of Humboldt, 615 F.2d 1260 (9th Cir. 1980)
• In re Humboldt Fir., Inc., 426 F. Supp. 292 (N.D. Cal 1977), aff’d, 625 F.2d 330 (9th Cir. 1980)
• Santa Rosa Band of Indians v. Kings County, 532 F.2d 655 (9th Cir. 1977)
• In re Carmen, 48 Cal. 2d 851, 313 P.2d 817 (1957)

Tribes

1. Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
2. Alturas Indian Rancheria
3. Augustine Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
4. Barona Group of Capitan Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
5. Bear River Band of Rohnerville Rancheria
6. Berry Creek Rancheria of Maidu Indians
7. Big Lagoon Rancheria
8. Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians
9. Big Sandy Rancheria of Mono Indians
10. Big Valley Band of Pomo Indians
11. Blue Lake Rancheria
12. Bridgeport Paiute Indian Colony
13. Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians
14. Cabazon Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
15. Cachil Delte Band of Wintun Indians
16. Cahuilla Band of Mission Indians
17. Cahto Indian Tribe of the Laytonville Rancheria
18. California Valley Miwok Tribe
19. Campo Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
20. Capitan Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
21. Cedarville Rancheria
22. Chemehuevi Indian Tribe
23. Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community
24. Chicken Ranch Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians
25. Cloverdale Rancheria of Pomo Indians
26. Cold Springs Rancheria of Mono Indians
27. Colorado River Indian Tribes (also in AZ)
28. Cortina Indian Rancheria of Wintun Indians
29. Coyote Valley Band of Pomo Indians
30. Cuyapaipe Community of Diegueno Mission Indians
31. Death Valley Timbi-Sha Shoshone Band
32. Dry Creek Rancheria of Pomo Indians
33. Elem Indian Colony of Pomo Indians
34. Elk Valley Rancheria
35. Enterprise Rancheria of Maidu Indians
36. Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria
37. Fort Bidwell Indian Community
38. Fort Independence Indian Community of Paiute Indians
39. Fort Mojave Indian Tribe (also in AZ)
40. Greenville Rancheria of Maidu Indians
41. Grindstone Indian Rancheria of Wintun-Wailaki Indians
42. Guidiville Rancheria
43. Hoopa Valley Tribe
44. Hopland Band of Pomo Indians
45. Inaja Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
46. Ione Band of Miwok
47. Jackson Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians
48. Jamul Indian Village
49. Karuk Tribe
50. Kashia Band of Pomo Indians
51. La Jolla Band of Luiseno Mission Indians
52. La Posta Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
53. Lower Lake Rancheria
54. Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
55. Lytton Rancheria
56. Manchester Band of Pomo Indians
57. Manzanita Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
58. Mechoopda Indian Tribe
59. Mesa Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
60. Middletown Rancheria of Pomo Indians
61. Mooretown Rancheria of Maidu Indians
62. Morongo Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
63. Northfork Rancheria of Mono Indians
64. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Bishop Community
65. Paiute-Shoshone Indians of the Lone Pine Community
66. Pala Band of Luiseno Mission Indians
67. Paskenta Band of Nomlake Indians
68. Pauma Band of Luiseno Mission Indians
69. Pechanga Band of Luiseno Indians
70. Picayune Rancheria of Chukchansi Indians
71. Pinoleville Rancheria of Pomo Indians
72. Pit River Tribe
73. Potter Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians
74. Quartz Valley Indian Community
75. Ramona Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
76. Redding Rancheria
77. Redwood Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians
78. Resighini Rancheria
79. Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians
80. Robinson Rancheria of Pomo Indians
81. Robinson Rancheria of Pomo Indians
82. Round Valley Indian Tribes
83. Rumsey Indian Rancheria of Wintun Indians
84. San Manuel Band of Serrano Mission Indians
85. San Pasqual Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
86. Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
87. Santa Rosa-Tachi Yokut Tribe
88. Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians
89. Santa Ysabel Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
90. Scotts Valley Band of Pomo Indians
91. Sherwood Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians
92. Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians
93. Smith River Rancheria
94. Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians
95. Susanville Indian Rancheria
96. Sycuan Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
97. Table Bluff Reservation
98. Table Mountain Rancheria
99. Torres-Martinez Band of Cahuilla Mission Indians
100. Tule River Indian Tribe
101. Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians
102. Twenty-Nine Palms Band of Mission Indians
103. United Auburn Indian Community
104. Upper Lake Band of Pomo Indians
105. Utu Utu Gwaitu Paiute Tribe
106. Viejas Group of Bapitan Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians
107. Washoe Tribe (also in NV) (reassumed exclusive ICWA jurisdiction)
108. Yurok Tribe

Minnesota – 11

Legislation

• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22 (excluding Red Lake Reservation from state jurisdiction under the Act)
• 40 Fed. Reg. 4026 (1975) (accepting retrocession of state jurisdiction over the Bois Forte (Nett Lake) Reservation

Case Law

• State v. Jones, 700 N.W.2d 556 (Minn. Ct. App. 2005)
• State v. LaRose, 673 N.W.2d 157 (Minn. Ct. App. 2003)
• State of Minnesota v. Mannypenny, 662 N.W.2d 183 (Minn. Ct. App. 2003)
• State v. Busse, 644 N.W.2d 79 (Minn. 2002)
• Minnesota v. R.M.H., 617 N.W.2d 55 (Minn. 2000)
• Lemke v. Brooks, 614 N.W.2d 242 (Minn. Ct. App. 2000)
• State v. Johnson, 598 N.W.2d 680 (Minn. 1999)
• State v. Couture, 587 N.W.2d 849 (Minn. Ct. App. 1999)
• Cass County v. Leech Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, 524 U.S. 103 (1998)
• United States v. Wadena, 152 F.3d 831 (8th Cir. 1998)
• Minnesota Chippewa Tribal Hous. Auth. v. Reese, 978 F.Supp. 1258 (D. Minn. 1997)
• State v. Stone, 572 N.W.2d 725 (Minn. 1997)
• State v. Robinson, 572 N.W.2d 720 (1997)
• Matsch v. Prairie Island Indian Community, 567 N.W.2d 276 (Minn. Ct. App. 1997)
• State v. St. Clair, 560 N.W.2d 732 (Minn. Ct. App. 1997)
• Gayle v. Little Six, Inc., 555 N.W.2d 284 (Minn. 1996)
• Cohen v. Little Six, Inc., 543 N.W.2d 376 (Minn. Ct. App. 1996)
• Becker County Welfare Dep’t v. Bellcourt, 453 N.W.2d 543 (Minn. Ct. App. 1990)
• Tibbetts v. Leech Lake Reservation Business Committee, 397 N.W.2d 883 (Minn. 1986)
• State v. Folstrom, 331 N.W.2d 231 (Minn. 1983)
• State v. Keezer, 292 N.W.2d 714 (Minn. 1980)
• State v. Clark, 282 N.W.2d 902 (Minn. 1979)
• State v. Forge, 262 N.W.2d 341 (Minn. 1977)
• Bryan v. Itasca County, 426 U.S. 373 (1976)
• Leech Lake Band of Chippewa Indians v. Herist, 334 F. Supp. 1001 (D. Minn. 1971)
• State v. Holthusen 133 N.W.2d 180 (Minn. 1962)
• State v. Jackson, 16 N.W.2d 752 (Minn. 1944)

Tribes

1. Bois Forte (Nett Lake) Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe (retroceded)
2. Fond du Lac Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe
3. Grand Portage Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe
4. Leech Lake Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe
5. Lower Sioux Indian Community
6. Mille Lacs Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe
7. Prairie Island Indian Community
8. Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians (excluded from Public Law 280)
9. Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community
10. Upper Sioux Community
11. White Earth Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe

Nebraska – 6

Legislation

• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22
• Act of Oct. 31, 1990, P.L. 101-484, § 2, 104 Stat. 1167, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 983 et seq. (rerecognizing Ponca Tribe of Nebraska, which had been terminated in 1962 pursuant to 25 U.S.C. §§ 971-980)
• 51 Fed. Reg. 24,234 (1986) (retroceding jurisdiction over Winnebago Tribe)
• 35 Fed. Reg. 16,598 (1970) (retroceding jurisdiction over Omaha Tribe)

Case Law

• Freemont v. United States, 2002 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 2145 (D. Neb. 2002)
• United States v. Merrick, 767 F. Supp. 1022 (D. Neb. 1991)
• Walker v. Rushing, 898 F.2d 672 (8th Cir. 1990)
• Tyndall v. Gunter, 681 F. Supp. 641 (D. Neb. 1987), aff’d, 840 F.2d 716 (8th Cir. 1988)
• Op. Att’y Gen. Neb. No. 48 (1985)
• Omaha Tribe of Nebraska v. Village of Walthill, 334 F. Supp. 823 (D. Neb. 1971), aff’d, 460 F.2d 1327 (8th Cir. 1972)
• Robinson v. Sigler, 187 N.W.2d 756 (Neb. 1971), on habeas review, Robinson v. Wolff, 349 F. Supp. 514 (D. Neb. 1972)

Tribes

1. Iowa Tribe (also in KS)
2. Omaha Tribe (retroceded)
3. Ponca Tribe
4. Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri (also in KS)
5. Santee Sioux Tribe
6. Winnebago Tribe (retroceded)

Oregon – 10

Legislation

• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22 (excluding Warm Springs Reservation from state jurisdiction under the Act)
• 25 U.S.C. § 715d, P.L. 101-42, June 28, 1989, 103 Stat. 91 (restoring Coquille Tribe and authorizing state to exercise civil and criminal jurisdiction)
• 25 U.S.C. § 556e, P.L. 99-398, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 850 (restoring Klamath Indian Tribe and authorizing state to exercise civil and criminal jurisdiction)
• 25 U.S.C. § 714e, P.L. 98-481, Oct. 17, 1984, 98 Stat. 2250 (restoring Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua, & Siuslaw Indians and authorizing the state to assume civil and criminal jurisdiction)
• 25 U.S. 713f (c)(6), P. L. 98-165, Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1064 (restoring Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community and authorizing state to exercise civil and criminal jurisdiction). See also P.L. 100-425, Sept. 9, 1988, 102 Stat.
• 1594, as amended, P.L. 100-581, Title II, § 202, Nov. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2939.
• P.L. 97-391, § 2, Dec. 29, 1982, 96 Stat. 11960, as amended, P.L. 100-139, § 5(b), Oct. 26, 2987, 101 Stat. 827, as further amended, P.L. 100-446, Title 1, Sept. 27, 1988
• 102 Stat. 1794 (recognizing Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Indians)
• 46 Fed. Reg. 2195 (1981) (retroceding jurisdiction over Umatilla Reservation)
• 44 FR 26,129 (1979) (retroceding jurisdiction over Burns Paiute Reservation)
• 25 U.S.C. § 711(d)(6), P.L. 95-195, Nov. 18, 1977, 91 Stat. 1415 (Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation and authorizing state to exercise civil and criminal jurisdiction)

Case Law

• Foreman v. Dep't of Revenue, 2005 Ore. Tax LEXIS 111 (Or. T.C. 2005)
• State v. Jim, 178 Ore. App. 553 (Or. Ct. App. 2002)
• Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians v. Employment Dep't, 995 P.2d 580 (Or. Ct. App. 2000)
• Spang v. Dep't of Revenue, 16 OTR-MD 166 (Or. T.C. 1999)
• Chance v. Coquille Indian Tribe, 327 Ore. 318, 963 P.2d 638 (Or. 1998)
• United States v. Strong, 778 F.2d 1393 (9th Cir. 1985)
• Anderson v. Gladden, 293 F.2d 463 (9th Cir. 1961)
• Anderson v. Britton, 212 Or. 1, 318 P.2d 291 (1957)

Tribes

1. Burns Paiute Tribe (retroceded)
2. Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua, & Siuslaw Indians
3. Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community
4. Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation
5. Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Reservation (retroceded)
6. Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation (excluded from Public Law 280)
7. Coquille Tribe
8. Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Indians
9. Fort McDermitt Paiute & Shoshone Tribes (also in NV)
10. Klamath Indian Tribe

Wisconsin – 11

Legislation

• Public Law 280 -- 18 U.S.C. § 1162; 25 U.S.C. 1360, as amended; 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321-22
• 46 Fed. Reg. 15579 (1981) (approving reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Lac Courte Oreilles Tribe over certain child welfare matters)
• 41 Fed. Reg. 8516 (1976) (retroceding jurisdiction over Menominee Reservation)

Case Law

• Teague v. Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians, 665 N.W.2d 899 (Wis. 2003)
• In re Commitment of Burgess, 665 N.W.2d 124 (Wis. 2003)
• State v. Cutler, 527 N.W.2d 400 (Wis. Ct. App. 1994)
• St. Germaine v. Chapman, 505 N.W.2d 450 (Wis. Ct. App. 1994)
• St. Germaine v. Circuit Court for Vilas County, 938 F.2d 75 (7th Cir. 1991)
• Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians v. Wisconsin, 770 F. Supp.480 (W.D. Wis. 1991), appeal dismissed, 957 F.2d 515 (7th Cir. 1992)
• Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians v. Wisconsin, 743 F. Supp. 645 (W.D. Wis. 1990)
• Jacobs v. Jacobs, 405 N.W.2d 668 (Wis. Ct. App. 1987)
• County of Vilas v. Chapman, 361 N.W.2d 699 (Wis. 1985)
• State v. Webster, 338 N.W.2d 474 (Wis. 1983)
• State v. Lemieux, 317 N.W.2d 166 (Wis. Ct. App. 1982), aff’d, 327 N.W. 2d 669 (Wis. 1983)
• 70 Op. Wis. Att’y Gen. 237 (1981)

Tribes

1. Bad River Band of the Lake Superior Tribe of Chippewa Indians
2. Forest County Potawatomi Community
3. Ho-Chunk Nation
4. Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians (reassumed exclusive ICWA jurisdiction)
5. Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians
6. Menominee Indian Tribe (retroceded)
7. Oneida Tribe of Indians
8. Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians
9. St. Croix Chippewa Indians
10. Sokaogon Chippewa Community
11. Stockbridge-Munsee Community

GROUP 3 – OPTIONAL ASSERTION OF PUBLIC LAW 280 JURISDICTION

Florida – 2

Legislation

• Fl. Stat. Ann. § 285.16 (Laws 1961, c. 61-252, §§ 1, 2, assuming state civil and criminal jurisdiction under Public Law 280, and authorizing tribal councils to employ personnel to exercise law enforcement powers)
• 25 U.S.C. § 1741 et seq., P.L. 97-399, § 7, Dec. 31, 1982, 96 Stat. 2015 (especially 1746, addressing lease of Miccosukee lands)

Case Law

• Seminole Tribe v. McCor, 903 So.2d 353 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2005)
• Miccosukee Tribe of Indians v. Napoleoni, 890 So.2d 1152 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)
• Cupo v. Seminole Tribe of Fla., 860 So.2d 1078 (Fla. Dist, Ct. App. 2003)
• Lewis v. Edwards, 815 So. 2d 656 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2002)
• Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Houghtaling, 589 So.2d 103 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991), aff’d sub nom. Houghtaling v. Seminole Tribe of Florida, 611 So.2d 1235 (Fla. (1993)
• State v. Billie, 497 So.2d 889 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)
• Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Butterworth, 658 F.2d 310 (5th Cir. 1981)

Tribes

1. Miccosukee Tribe of Indians
2. Seminole Tribe (Dania, Big Cypress, and Brighton Reservations)

Idaho – 4

• Idaho Const. of 1890, art. 21, § 19
• Idaho Code §§ 67-5101 to 67-5103 (1963, Ch. 58, § 1, p. 224, asserting jurisdiction over 7 subject areas: a) compulsory school attendance; b) juvenile delinquency and youth rehabilitation; c) dependent, neglected, and abused children; d) insanities and mental illness; e) public assistance; f) domestic relations; g) operation and management of motor vehicles upon highways and roads maintained by the city or state, or political subdivision thereof; and full jurisdiction with tribe’s consent)

Case Law

• State v. Barros, 957 P.2d 1095 (Idaho 1998)
• State v. George, 906 P.2d 133 (Idaho 1995)
• State v. Snyder, 807 P.2d 55 (Idaho 1991)
• State v. Marek, 777 P.2d 1253 (Idaho 1989)
• State v. Fanning, 759 P.2d 937 (Idaho App. 1988)
• State v. Major, 725 P.2d 115 (Idaho 1986)
• Sheppard v. Sheppard, 655 P.2d 895 (Idaho 1982)
• State v. Allan, 607 P.2d 426 (Idaho 1980)
• Boyer v. Shoshone-Bannock Indian Tribes, 441 P.2d 167 (Idaho 1988)

Tribes

1. Coeur D’Alene Tribe
2. Kootenai Tribe
3. Nez Perce Tribe
4. Shoshone-Bannock Tribes

Montana – 7 (only one tribe partially affected by Public Law 280)

Legislation

• Mont. Const., Ord 1
• Mont. Code Ann. §§ 2-1-302 to 2-1-307 (as of 1963, assuming criminal jurisdiction over Salish/Kootenai Reservation and over any other tribe with consent, though none consented)
• 60 Fed. Reg. 33,318 (1995) (partially retroceding jurisdiction over Salish/Kootenai Reservation)

Case Law

• Balyeat Law, PC v. Pettit, 967 P.2d 398 (Mont. 1998)
• State v. Spotted Blanket, 955 P.2d 1347 (Mont. 1998)
• In re Marriage of Wellman, 852 P.2d 559 (Mont. 1993)
• American States Ins. Co. v. McDougall, 18 Indian L. Rep. 3075 (U.S.D. Mont. 1991)
• First v. State Dept. of Social and Rehabilitation Services ex rel. LaRoche, 808 P.2d 467 (Mont. 1991)
• State v. LaPier, 790 P.2d 983 (Mont. 1990)
• Liberty v. Jones, 782 P.2d 369 (Mont. 1989)
• State v. Thomas, 760 P.2d 96 (Mont. 1988)
• State ex rel. Greely v. Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of Flathead Reservation, 712 P.2d 754 (Mont. 1985)
• In re Marriage of Limpy, 636 P.2d 266 (Mont. 1981)
• Larrivee v. Morigeau, 602 P.2d 563 (Mont. 1979)
• Fisher v. District Court of Sixteenth Judicial Dist., 424 U.S. 382 (1976)
• Bad Horse v. Bad Horse, 517 P.2d 893 (Mont. 1974)
• United States v. Pollmann, 364 F. Supp. 995 (D. Mont. 1973)
• State ex rel. Irvine v. District Court of 4th Judicial Dist., 239 P.2d 272 (Mont. 1951)
• Draper v. United States, 164 U.S. 240 (1896)

Tribes

1. Assiniboine & Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation
2. Blackfeet Tribe
3. Chippewa-Cree Indians of the Rocky Boy’s Reservation
4. Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes (state jurisdiction over felonies only)
5. Crow Tribe
6. Fort Belknap Indian Community
7. Northern Cheyenne Tribe

Washington – 29

Legislation

• Wash. Const. art. XXVI, § 2
• Wash. Rev. Code §§ 37.12.010 to 37.12.070 (Wash. Laws 1957, ch. 240 § 1, amended,
• Wash. Laws 1963 ch. 36 § 1 & Supp. 1971) (accepting Public Law 280 jurisdiction over 8 subject areas, over non-trust lands, and over non-Indians without regard to tribal consent, and full jurisdiction over all of Indian country with tribal consent; ten tribes consented to jurisdiction, but six of those later retroceded; in addition, one other tribe has retroceded)
• 65 Fed. Reg. 75,948 (2000) (retroceding partial jurisdiction over Tulalip Reservation)
• 54 Fed. Reg. 19, 959 (1989) (retroceding partial jurisdiction over the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, Quileute Reservation, and the Swinomish Indian Community)
• 52 Fed. Reg. 8,372 (1987) (retroceding partial jurisdiction over Colville Reservation)
• 45 Fed. Reg. 56,450 (1980) (accepting reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Colville Tribe over certain Indian child welfare matters)
• 45 Fed. Reg. 49,363 (1980) (accepting reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Muckleshoot Tribe over certain Indian child welfare matters)
• 45 Fed Reg. 47, 926 (1980) (accepting reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Spokane Tribe over certain Indian child welfare matters)
• 45 Fed. Reg. (1980) (accepting reassumption of exclusive jurisdiction by Yakima Nation over certain Indian child welfare matters)
• 37 Fed. Reg. 7,353 (1972) (retroceding partial jurisdiction over Suquamish/Port Madison Reservation)
• 34 Fed. Reg. 14,288 (1969) (retroceding partial jurisdiction over Quinault Reservation)

Case Law

• State v. Moses, 37 P.3d 1216 (Wash. 2002)
• Cordova v. Holwegner, 971 P.2d 531 (Wash. Ct. App. 1999)
• Landauer v. Landauer, 975 P.2d 577 (Wash. Ct. App. 1999)
• State v. Squally, 937 P.2d 1069 (Wash. 1997)
• State v. Cooper, 928 P.2d 406 (Wash. 1996)
• Estate of Millie Cross v. Comm’r of Internal Revenue, 891 P.2d 26 (Wash. 1995)
• County of Yakima v. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Indian Nation, 502 U.S. 251 (1992)
• McCrea v. Denison, 885 P.2d 856 (Wash. Ct. App. 1994)
• State v. Schmuck, 850 P.2d 1332 (Wash. 1993)
• Craig v. James, 19 Indian L. Rep. 3111 (USDC, E.D. Wash. 1992)
• Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation v. Washington, 938 F.3d 146 (9th Cir. 1991)
• State v. Hoffman, 804 P.2d 577 (Mont. 1991)
• Brendale v. Confederated Tribes and Bands of Yakima Indian Nation, 492 U.S. 408 (1989)
• United States v. Farris, 624 F.2d 890 (9th Cir. 1980)
• Confederated Bands and Tribes of the Yakima Indian Nation v. Washington, 439 U.S. 463 (1979)
• Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation v. Beck, 6 Indian L. Rep. F8 (USDC E.D. Wash. 1979)
• United States v. Marcyes, 557 F.2d 1361 (9th Cir. 1977)
• Tonasket v. State, 488 P.2d 281 (1971)
• Makah Indian Tribe v. State of Washington, 457 P.2d 590 (Wash. 1969)
• Quinault Tribe v. Gallagher, 368 F.2d 648 (9th Cir. 1966)
• State v. McCoy, 387 P.2d 942 (Wash. 1963)
• Arquette v. Schneckloth, 346 P.2d 658 (Mont. 1960)
• Wesley v. Schneckloth, 346 P.2d 658 (Wash. 1959)
• State v. Paul, 337 P.2d 33 (Mont. 1959)

Tribes

1. Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation (partial retrocession)
2. Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation (partial retrocession and reassumption of ICWA exclusive jurisdiction)
3. Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation
4. Cowlitz Indian Tribe
5. Hoh Indian Tribe
6. Jamestown S’Klallam Tribe
7. Lower Elwha Tribal Community
8. Lummi Tribe
9. Makah Indian Tribe
10. Muckleshoot Indian Tribe (reassusmption of ICWA exclusive jurisdiction)
11. Nisqually Indian Tribe
12. Nooksack Indian Tribe
13. Port Gamble Indian Community
14. Puyallup Tribe
15. Quileute Tribe (partial retrocession)
16. Quinault Tribe (partial retrocession)
17. Samish Indian Tribe
18. Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe
19. Shoalwater Bay Tribe
20. Snoqualmie Tribe
21. Skokomish Indian Tribe
22. Spokane Tribe (reassumption of ICWA exclusive jurisdiction)
23. Squaxin Island Tribe
24. Stillaguamish Tribe
25. Suquamish Indian Tribe (partial retrocession)
26. Swinomish Indians (partial retrocession)
27. Tulalip Tribes (partial retrocession)
28. Upper Skagit Indian Tribe
29. Yakama Indian Nation

GROUP 4 – OTHER FEDERAL ACTS CONFERRING JURISDICTION ON STATES

Colorado – 2

Legislation

P.L. 98-290, §§ 1-5, 98 Stat. 201, 202 (May 21, 1984) (authorizing Town of Ignacio to exercise jurisdiction over Southern Ute Tribe)

Case Law

• United States v. Burch, 169 F.3d 666 (10th Cir. 1999)
• People v. Morgan, 785 P.2d 1294 (Colo. 1990)

Tribes

1. Southern Ute Indian Tribe
2. Ute Mountain Tribe

Connecticut – 2

Legislation

• Mashantucket Pequot Indian Land Claims Settlement Act, P.L. 98-134, Oct. 18, 1983, 97 Stat. 855, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 1751 et seq. (conferring state civil and criminal jurisdiction)
• Mohegan Nation of Connecticut Land Claims Settlement Act, P. L. 103–377, § 2, Oct. 19, 1994, 108 Stat. 3501, codified at, 25 U.S.C. § 1775 et seq. (conferring state civil and criminal jurisdiction)

Case Law

• Conroy v. Foxwoods Casino Dealers' Toke Comm., 1999 Conn. Super. LEXIS 526 (Conn. Super. Ct. 1999)
• Connecticut ex rel. Blumenthal v. Babbitt, 26 F. Supp. 2d 397 (D. Conn. 1998)
• Drumm v. Brown, 716 A.2d 50 (Conn. 1998)
• Charles v. Charles, 701 A.2d 650 (Conn. 1997)
• State v. Spears, 662 A.2d 80 (Conn. 1995)
• Campbell v. Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Council, 1991 WL 40031 (Conn. Super. Ct. 1991)
• Schaghticoke Indians of Kent, Conn., Inc. v. Potter, 587 A.2d 139 (Conn. Ct. of App. 1991)

Tribes

1. Mashantucket Pequot Tribe
2. Mohegan Indian Tribe

Iowa – 1

Legislation

• Act of June 30, 1948, 62 Stat. 1161 (conferring state criminal jurisdiction over reservation)
• Iowa Code Ann. §§ 1.12 -1.14 (62 G.A. Ch. 79, § 1, eff. July 1, 1967, accepting civil jurisdiction over reservation pursuant to Public Law 280)

Case Law

• Gross v. Omaha Tribe of Nebraska, 601 N.W.2d 82 (Iowa 1999)
• Meier v. Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa, 476 N.W.2d 61 (Iowa 1991)
• State v. Bear, 452 N.W.2d 430 (1990)
• State Dep’t of Human Services v. Whitebreast, 409 N.W.2d 460 (Iowa 1987)
• Youngbear v. Brewer, 415 F. Supp. 807 (N.D. Iowa 1976), aff’d, 549 F.2d 74 (8th Cir. 1977)

Tribes

Sac & Fox Tribe of the Mississippi

Kansas – 4

Legislation

18 U.S.C. § 3243 (ch. 645, 62 Stat. 827, June 25, 1948, recodifying 25 U.S.C. § 217a, 54 Stat. 249, June 8, 1940, and conferring state criminal jurisdiction over reservations)

Case Law

• Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation v. Wagnon, 402 F.3d 1015 (10th Cir. 2005), appeal pending
• Oyler v. Allenbrand, 23 F.3d 292 (10th Cir. 1994)
• Negonsott v. Samuels, 507 U.S. 99 (1993)
• State v. Nioce, 716 P.2d 585 (Kan. 1986)
• Iowa Tribe of Indians of Kansas and Nebraska v. State of Kansas, 787 F.2d 1434 (10th Cir. 1986)
• State v. Mitchell, 642 P.2d 981 (Kan. 1982)

Tribes

1. Iowa Tribe (also in NB)
2. Kickapoo Tribe of Indians
3. Prairie Band of Potawatomi Nation
4. Sac & Fox Nation (also in NB)

Maine – 4

Legislation

• Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act, 25 U.S.C. § 1721 et seq. (state civil and criminal jurisdiction conferred by § 1725(b)(1), (f), and (h); child welfare jurisdiction addressed in 1727(e))
• Aroostook Band of Micmancs Settlement Act, P.L. 102-171, 105 Stat. 1143, Nov. 26, 1991 (conferring state civil and criminal jurisdiction)

Case Law

• Aroostook Band of Micmacs v. Ryan, 404 F.3d 48 (1st Cir. 2005)
• Penobscot Nation v. Georgia-Pacific Corp., 254 F.3d 317 (1st Cir. 2001)
• Great Northern Paper, Inc. v. Penobscot Nation, 770 A.2d 574 (Me. 2001)
• Penobscot Nation v. Fellencer, 164 F.3d 706 (1st Cir. 1999)
• Boudman v. Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians, 54 F. Supp. 2d 44 (D. Me. 1999)
• Shannon v. Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians, 54 F. Supp. 2d 35 (D. Me. 1999)
• Francis v. Pleasant Point Passamaquoddy Hous. Auth., 740 A.2d 575 (Me. 1999)
• Akins v. Penobscot Nation, 130 F.3d 482, 484-85 (1st Cir. 1997)
• Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians v. Maine Human Rights Commission, 960 F. Supp. 449 (D. Me. 1997)
• Passamaquoddy Tribe v. Maine, 75 F.3d 784, 787 (1st Cir. 1996)
• Penobscot Nation v. Stilphen, 461 A.2d 478 (Me. 1983)
• State v. Dana, 404 A.2d 551 (Me. 1979)
• Bottomly v. Passamaquoddy Tribe, 599 F.2d 1061, 1064-65 (1st Cir. 1979)

Tribes

1. Aroostook Band of Micmac Indians
2. Houlton Band of Maliseet Indians
3. Passamaquoddy Tribe
4. Penobscot Tribe

Massachusetts – 1

Legislation

Massachusetts Indian Land Claims Settlement Act, P.L. 100-95, 101 Stat. 704, Aug. 18, 1987, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 1771 et seq. (§§ 1771e and 1771g address state civil and criminal jurisdiction)

Case Law

• Wiener v. Wampanoag Aquinnah Shellfish Hatchery Corp., 223 F. Supp. 2d 346 (D. Mass. 2002)
• Wampanoag Tribe of Gayhead v. Massachusetts Commission against Discrimination, 63 F. Supp.2d 119 (D. Mass 1999)
• James v. Wampanoag Tribal Council, 499 N.E.2d 1213 (Mass. App. Ct. 1986)

Tribe

Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head

New York – 7

Legislation

• 25 U.S.C. § 232 (ch. 809, 62 Stat. 1224, Apr. 2, 1948, conferring state criminal jurisdiction over all reservations in the state)
• 25 U.S.C. § 233 (ch. 947, 64 Stat. 845, Sept. 13, 1950, conferring state civil jurisdiction over all reservations in the state)

Case Law

• City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation, 125 S. Ct. 1478 (2005)
• Clinton v. Hill, 772 N.Y.S.2d 634 (App. Div. 2004)
• Bowen v. Doyle, 880 F. Supp. 99 (W.D.N.Y. 1995), aff’d, 230 F.2d 525 (2d Cir. 2000)
• Dep’t of Taxation & Finance of N.Y. v. Milhelm Attea & Bros., Inc., 512 U.S. 61 (1994)
• United States v. Markiewicz, 978 F.2d 786 (2d Cir. 1992)
• United States v. Cook, 922 F.2d 1926 (2d Cir. 1991)
• United States v. Burns, 725 F. Supp. 116 (N.D.N.Y. 1989)
• People v. Boots, 434 N.Y.S.2d 850 (N.Y. Co. Ct. 1980)
• People v. Edwards, 432 N.Y.S.2d 567 (A.Div. 1980)
• People v. Cook, 365 N.Y.S.2d 611 (Onondaga County Ct. 1975)
• People v. Redeye, 358 N.Y.S.2d 632 (1974)
• Bennet v. Fink Construction Co., 262 N.Y.S.2d 331 (Sup. Ct. 1965)
• People ex rel. Ray v. Martin, 326 U.S. 496 (1946)

Tribes

1. Cayuga Nation
2. Oneida Indian Nation
3. Onondaga Nation
4. St. Regis Band of Mohawk Indians
5. Seneca Nation
6. Tonawanda Band of Seneca Indians
7. Tuscarora Nation

North Dakota – 4

Legislation

Act of May 31, 1946, 60 Stat. 229 (conferring state criminal jurisdiction over Devil’s Lake, now Spirit Lake, reservation)

Case Law

• Winer v. Penny Enters., 674 N.W.2d 9 (N.D. 2004)
• Strate v. A-1 Contractors, 520 U.S. 438 (1994)
• State v. Gohl, 477 N.W.2d 205 (N.D. 1991)
• State v. Hook, 476 N.W.2d 565 (N.D. 1991) (overruling State v. Lohnes, 69 N.W.2d 508 (N.D. 1955))
• Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation v. Wold Eng’g, 476 U.S. 877 (1986)
• Nelson v. Dubois, 232 N.W.2d 54 (N.D. 1975)
• Schantz v. White Lightning, 231 N.W.2d 812 (N.D. 1975)
• Gourneau v. Smith, 207 N.W.2d 256 (N.D. 1973) (overruling Vermillion v. Spotted Elk, 85 N.W.2d 432 (N.D. 1957))
• Fournier v. Roed, 161 N.W.2d 458 (N.D. 1968)
• In re Whiteshield, 24 N.W.2d 694 (N.D. 1963)
• State ex rel. Baker v. Mountrail County, 149 N.W. 120 (N.D. 1914)

Tribes

1. Spirit Lake Tribe (subject to state jurisdiction)
2. Standing Rock Sioux Tribe (also in SD)
3. Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation
4. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians

Rhode Island – 1

Legislation

Rhode Island Indian Claims Settlement Act, P.L. 95-395, § 2, 92 Stat. 813, Sept. 30, 1978, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 1701 et seq. (§1708 confers state civil and criminal jurisdiction)

Case Law

• Narragansett Indian Tribe v. Rhode Island, 407 F.3d 450, 463-66 (1st Cir. 2005), rehearing en banc granted, 415 F.3d 134 (1st Cir. 2005)
• Thomas v. Banfield, 2002 R.I. Super. LEXIS 87 (R.I. Super. Ct. 2002)
• Ninigret Dev. Corp. v. Narragansett Indian Wetuomuck Hous. Auth., 207 F.3d 21 (1st Cir. 2000)
• Narragansett Indian Tribe v. Narragansett Elec. Co., 89 F.3d 908 (1st Cir. 1996)
• State v. Brown, 1996 R.I. Super. LEXIS 121 (R.I. Super. Ct. 1996)
• Maynard v. Narragansett Indian Tribe, 984 F.2d 14 (1st Cir. 1993)

Tribes

Narragansett Indian Tribe

South Carolina – 1

Legislation

• Catawba Indian Tribe of South Carolina Land Claim Settlement Act, Pub. L. 103–116, § 4(c), Oct. 27, 1993, 107 Stat. 1121, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 941-941m (repealing termination act, 25 U.S.C. § 931 et seq.)
• S.C. Code §§ 27–16–10 to 27–16–140 (§ 27-16-40 establishing terms of jurisdiction on Catawba reservation)

Case Law

• Wade v. Blue, 369 F.3d 407 (4th Cir. 2004)
• Catawba Indian Tribe v. City of North Myrtle Beach, 2000 U.S. App. LEXIS 13987 (4th Cir. 2000) (unpublished)
• State v. Keesee, 336 S.C. 599, 521 S.E.2d 743 (1999)

Tribes

Catawba Indian Nation

Texas – 3

Legislation

• Texas Band of Kickapoo Act, Pub. L. 97–429, § 2, 96 Stat. 2269, Jan. 8, 1983, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 1300b-11 (no mention of state jurisdiction)
• Alabama and Coushatta Tribes of Texas Restoration Act, P.L. 100-89, 101 Stat. 670, Aug. 18, 1987, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 731 et seq. (§ 736f confers state civil and criminal jurisdiction over reservation)
• Ysleta del Sur Pueblo Restoration Act, P. L. 100–89, title I, § 101, 101 Stat. 666, Aug. 18, 1987, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 1300g et seq. (§ 1300g-3 confers state civil and criminal jurisdiction over reservation

Case Law

• Garza v. Traditional Kickapoo Tribe, 79 Fed. Appx. 10 (5th Cir. 2003) (unpublished decision)
• Alabama-Coushatta Tribes of Texas v. Texas, 208 F. Supp.2d 670 (E.D. Tex. 2002), summarily aff'd, 66 Fed. Appx. 525 (5th Cir. 2003)
• Bank One, N.A. v. Shumake, 281 F.3d 507, 511 (5th Cir. 2002)
• Texas v. Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, 220 F. Supp. 2d 668 (D. Tex. 2002)
• Comstock Oil & Gas v. Ala. & Coushatta Indian Tribes, 261 F.3d 567 (5th Cir. 2001)
• Morgan v. Coushatta Tribe of Indians of La., 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 25291 (D. Tex. 2001)
• Silva v. Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, 28 S.W.3d 122 (Tex. Ct. App. 2000)
• TTEA v. Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, 181 F.3d 676 (5th Cir. 1999)
• Texas v. Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, 79 F. Supp.2d 708 (W.D. Tex. 1999), summarily aff'd, 37 F.3d 631 (5th Cir. 2000)
• Kickapoo Traditional Tribe v. Chacon, 46 F. Supp. 2d 644 (D. Tex. 1999)
• Holguin v. Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo, 954 S.W.2d 843 (Tex. App. 1997)
• Yavapai-Apache Tribe v. Mejia, 906 S.W.2d 152 (Tex. App. 1995)

Tribes

1. Alabama-Coushatta Tribes
2. Kickapoo Traditional Tribe
3. Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo

Utah – 6

Legislation

• Paiute Restoration Act, P. L. 96–227, § 7, 94 Stat. 320, Apr. 3, 1980, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 761 et seq. (§ 766 confers state civil and criminal jurisdiction over reservation)
• Ute Termination Act, ch. 1009, § 1, 68 Stat. 868, Aug. 27, 1954, codified at 25 U.S.C. § 677 et seq. (terminating federal supervision of property belonging to mixed blood members of the Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah & Ouray Reservation)

Case Law

• Gardner v. Ute Tribal Court Chief Judge, 36 Fed. Appx. 927 (10th Cir. 2002) (unpublished opinion)
• Hagen v. Utah, 510 U.S. 399 (1994)
• Gardner v. United States, 1994 U.S. App. LEXIS 10090 (10th Cir. 1994) (limited citation)
• Lyda v. Tah-Bone, 962 F. Supp. 1434 (D. Utah 1997)
• State ex rel. D.A.C., 933 P.2d 993 (Utah Ct. App. 1997)
• Maryboy v. Utah State Tax Comm'n, 904 P.2d 662 (Utah 1995)
• State v. Gardner, 827 P.2d 980 (Utah Ct. App. 1992)
• Brough v. Appawora, 553 P.2d 934 (Utah 1976)
• State v. Roedl, 155 P.2d 741 (Utah 1945)

Tribes

1. Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation (also in NV) (no federal statute conferring state jurisdiction)
2. Navajo Nation (also in AZ & NM) (no federal statute conferring state jurisdiction)
3. Northwestern Band of Shoshoni Nation (no federal statute conferring state jurisdiction)
4. Paiute Indian Tribe
5. Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians (no federal statute conferring state jurisdiction)
6. Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah & Ouray Reservation (no federal statute conferring state jurisdiction)